Business - Lynne Cleaver History

This section includes all those working in the book, bookbinding, printing, stationary or associated trades.

James Bennet

Blackwell

Constable

Isaac Cooley

Martin Henry Davies

John Gale Goodwyn

Jeremiah Grant

Thomas Hill

Thomas Hinton

Archibald Johnstone

Charles Slocombe

J. Wilton

Margaret Woodward

JC News

Wrights

SOURCES:

Hyett, F A; Notes on the first Bristol and Gloucestershire printers (Reprinted from the Transactions of the Bristol and Glouc Arch Soc Vol 20 pp 38-51)

Tetbury, as a town, suffered a period of decline in the late C19th, apart from in the brewing industry. In the C18th there were four maltsters. In Pigots directory of 1844 George Clark, John Cook, Mary Warn and Thomas Witchell are listed as Maltsters.

John Cook started his brewery in former wool warehouses at the bottom of Hampton Street. John Warn and Thomas Witchell both ran malt houses in 1820 and they went into brewing. All three breweries continued into the C20th.

Tetbury Brewery is described in an article by David Viner, which appeared in a journal of the Gloucestershire Society for Industrial Archaeology 1984:

1777

James Warn, victualler, in his will names widow Eleanor, son Robert and daughters Elizabeth (Walker) and Judith (Swinterton)

1791

Robert Warn, victualler [Universal British Directory]

1819

Robert Warn, victualler residing at the public house called the Horse Collar plus other properties left to son John.

1820

John Warn, Horse Collar Inn [Gell & Bradshaw Directory]

John Warn running malt house [VCH]

1823

John Warn, maltster, Church Street & Horse Collar [Pigot]

1830

John Warn, maltster & spirit merchant [Pigot]

1832

John Warn, freehold of house called The Arnold, Tetbury [Register of Electors]

1839

John Warn, brewer and maltster

1840

Mary Warn, wine & spirit merchant, brewer & maltster, Church Street [Robson]

1842-1844

Mary Warn, maltster & Horse Collar [Pigot]

1852

Warn & Brown, Long Street, maltsters; Mary Warn, Horse Collar; Warn & Brown, Long Street, wine & spirit merchants [all Pigot]

1856

Mrs Mary Warn, brewer, maltster & wine & spirit merchant, Church Street [Post Office Directory]

1863-1868

William Warn, brewer, maltster & wine & spirit merchant, Church Street [Slater]

1870

William Warn, brewer, maltster, wine & spirit merchant, Church Street [Post Office Directory]

1874

William Warn, brewer & spirit merchant, Church Street [Mercer]

1876

William Warn, maltster, brewer, and wholesale wine & spirit merchant, Barton Steam Brewery [Trade Directory - PO?]

1885

William Warn, brewer, maltster & wholesale wine & spirit merchant, corn, malt & hop merchant, Barton Steam Brewery [Kellys]

1897

Warn & Sons, brewers & wine & spirit merchants, Church Street [Kellys]

1902

Warn & Sons, brewers & wine & spirit importers, Church Street [Kellys]

1910

In October, at the Brewers Exhibition in London Warn and Sons won a medal for their beer - the only medal awarded in Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Somerset. [Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard - Saturday 29 October 1910]

1919

Warn & Sons, Barton & Dolphin Breweries, Church Street [Kellys]

1923

partnership between William John Warn, Charles Edward Warn & Horace Lisle Taylor dissolved 31/12/1923 [London Gazette] Trading as Warn & Sons Ltd

1927

Warn & Sons Ltd was registered as a private  company with a capital of £20,000 in £1 shares to acquire the business carried on at Tetbury and elsewhere as "Warn and Sons", and to carry on the business of brewers, maltsters, wine and spirit merchants and importers, hop merchants and growers, malt factors, corn merchants, distillers, manufacturers of and dealers in cider, perry, liqueurs and cordials of all kinds, aerated, mineral and artificial waters etc.  The first directors were  C.E.Warn, Mr Dennehy, Mr Hooper and the registered offices were at Church Street, Tetbury. [Gloucester Citizen - Friday 23 December 1927]

1931

extraordinary general meeting called 22/6/1931 to be held at The Brewery, Tetbury to voluntarily wind up the company, and Mr Alfred Laban appointed liquidator for this purpose [London Gazette]

Hampton Street premises destroyed by fire - a fire broke out during the night and the area used for ordinary brewing was destroyed.  It was expected that many men would be out of work for some considerable time whilst the area was rebuilt.

1914

Premises  to be let or for sale, suitable for manufacturing purposes or steam laundry due to existing boilers and a splendid supply of water on the premises.  Interested parties to apply to Stroud Brewery.

1817

Thomas Witchell married Mary Warn.  The marriage licence issued in 1816 gives his occupation as Maltster.  He was the son of Isaac and Betty Witchell from Yatton Keynell.  When Isaac died in 1830 he was living in Stoke Gifford.  At their marriage in Boxwell 1783 Isaac's occupation was a maltster.

c.1820

Thomas Witchell, Dolphin Brewery, Church Street, Tetbury founded by this date.

1841

Thomas Witchell, Church Street, maltster [Census]

1844

Thomas died in Sopworth, Wiltshire

1851

Isaac and Henry Witchell, Church Street, malsters [Census]

1856-1868

Isaac Witchell, Church Street

1899

The Dolphin Brewery premises on Church Street were saved from serious fire by Mr Thomas Witchell, who whilst crossing the yard in the evening saw a light over the engine house.  He found a joist on fire and was able to suppress the flames with some nearby sacks and water.  An alarm was given and help was soon on hand.  The fire was thought to be caused by an over heated flue.  [Gloucestershire Echo - Friday 08 September 1899]

Hussey

John Hussey moved to Tetbury between 1861 & 1871. Before this he worked as a painter in his home town of Chideok, DOR.  In 1871 he was a boarder with Isaac Baylis, his wife, and their daughter, Kate who was 6 years old.  John was 26 and occupation given as a plumber glazier etc.

In 1881 he was still a boarder with Isaac Baylis & wife, daughter Kate. Isaac was a plumber, & glazier, and his wife a beerhouse keeper. They were living on Church Street. John was 35 & a plumber & gasfitter.  In 1891 John Hussey was 45, still single and the head of the household on Church Street. His housekeeper was Martha Baylis, widow of Isaac. He was a plumber & gas fitter. He married Kate Baylis in 1894 in Gloucester Registration district.

Son Charles William was born in 1896. By 1901 there was another son, Stanley, and they lived on Union Street, John was a plumber & glazier, and an employer.

1887-1889 directories list John Hussey Plumber Church Street and in 1914 Charles William Hussey plumber, gasfitter, painter & decorator & mechanical engineer,  Union Street  with Telephone Number 50 Tetbury.  By 1923-1928 his entry was: C.W.Hussey Kimberley House engineer plumber decorator

SOURCES:

Wilson; Robert N.Beautiful Britain, views and reviews 1923

Trade Directories

Phone books

Census

Edwards and Sons

The company of Edwards & Son began in Malmesbury, WIL 1843. Thomas Edwards was a wheelwright and lived on Bristol Road, Malmesbury in 1851.  Son, John Elford Edwards was working alongside his father by 1861 and they were living on Oxford Street, Malmesbury. By 1881 they had progressed to coachbuilding and had an apprentice coachbuilder. In 1901 Thomas is no longer listed and John was still working in Malmesbury.  In 1915 Edwards & Sons was still working in Malmesbury as coachbuilders.

By 1971 they were making pinewood kitchen units and furniture as a result of public demand. In the same year they were also taken over by Benjamin Burchnall.  By 1975 they were making bespoke kitchens.  According to an advert in Cotswold Life magazine wooden agricultural buildings were a specialty of the firm.

SOURCES:

Tetbury town guide 1971

Trade Directories

Census

Cotswold Life April 1975

Jesse Cull, a baker, born in Tetbury in 1863, had by 1894 set up his dining rooms at 4 Chipping Street. He was listed in trade directories up until 1931. Jesse died in 1934 aged 71 by which time it is assumed that eldest son Herbert Maurice Cull had taken over.  The business was listed as refreshment rooms in 1938.

In 1894 two labourers from Rodmarton were charged with stealing a pig's cheek from the cook shop belonging to Jesse Cull.  The theft happened on a Saturday at 20 minutes to 11 (pm).  What is learnt from this small report in the Petty Sessions is that the cafe was open until late, and that it was selling pig's cheeks.  By 1897 his business was known as a coffee tavern.

The shop and dwelling house occupied by Jesse, on Chipping Street, was originally owned by Robert Vick and was up for auction in 1908 following the death of the owner.  The lot was advertised "The shop and dwelling house with private side entrance, occupied by Mr Jesse Cull (Coffee Tavern) as a yearly tenant; contains front shop with plate glass window, Front Sitting Room or Kitchen, Back Kitchen, Underground Cellar, Courtyard and W.C., Long Dining Room on first floor, 2 bedrooms above."

Name, date, biographical details

John CLARK

C19th son of John, a woolstapler. Married twice, second wife was Eleanor Lamb, [1812-] daughter of William, a shoemaker. Married on 4th June 1838. [21+/21+; widower/spinster/ witnesses James Lamb, Mary Brazington]

John COATES

C18th: trading in the mid eighteenth century. Vol. 51 of the Bristol & Gloucestershire Archaeological Society Bulletin lists him as a Watchmaker before 1759, and cites an advertisement for a lost watch, and references in the Gloucestershire Journal between 25 September 1759 to 10 October 1783.

"Although there were at one time four distinct clockmakers operating in Tetbury, notably John Coates whose workshop reached its zenith around 1750, and from which period some very distinctive longcase clocks survive, when I came to buy one it was not a locally made piece." 10/13/2005 Guardian Unlimited

In 1769 John Coates, watch and clockmaker of Cirencester had an apprentice John Coates.

Robert Henry CORRALL

1891-1902: watchmaker on Long Street; 1891 census records him as watchmaker and jewellers manager; originated in East Midlands, finally settling in Kent. Freemasons Register for the 1880s lists him as a jeweller. Prior to moving to Tetbury he was in Mansfield where he was prosecuted for trading in plate without a licence

[Nottingham Evening Post - Thursday 15 September 1881].  He died in Kent, age 62,  following an accident in which he was knocked over by a car in  bad fog  [Thanet Advertiser - Saturday 14 November 1914].

Cyrus CREW

C19th: he had premises on Market Place from 1839 and Silver Street from 1849. He was trading between 1830-1859 when he died. No will was left and widow Sarah was granted administration of his estate which was valued at under £3,000. A trade directory for 1850 lists him on Union Hill. Also a jeweller.  Estimation that he was in business in the town from c.1822 - see entry below for Frederick Crew.

Frederick CREW

C19th: the son of Cyrus was born c.1830. His premises were in Silver Street and he was in business between 1860-1874. Although he died in 1871 [from measles] it is possible that his widow Georgiana Sophia nee Alt kept the business open as a going concern for a short time. However an advert for the premises was in The Western Daily Press January 1872: 'to jewellers, silversmiths and watchmakers - to be peremptorily disposed of,an old established and first class family business.....which has been carried on for the last half century by the late Frederick Crew and his father. The value of the stock is about £3000 but could be reduced to one half to suit a purchaser. Good house and business premised to be had on lease or purchsed. Apply to Mrs F.Crew'

Alfred DANIELS

C19th:  trading between 1835 - 1888, also a jeweller. An advert for Alfred Daniels (late W.Mapson) practical watchmaker, jeweller, silversmith, Long Street was in the Wiltshire and Gloucestershire Standard during 1880-81.  In August 1884 [Tetbury Advertiser] he was advertising for a respectable youth as apprentice to learn a thorough knowledge of the business.  After he finished trading there are a number of court cases involving Alfred claiming unpaid bills from assorted people within Tetbury.  It would seem he offered credit but perhaps was not so good at getting regular payments from his clients.  At the Easter vestry meeting of 1890 he asked for payment of a sum between £16 and £18 for winding the town clock, having been appointed to do so by the vestry some 10 years before.

Edward FIELDER

C17th: he was mentioned in Churchwardens accounts. He had two sons - Francis, who received all the tools of Edward's trade, and John who was to be paid 40s[hillings] if he returned to Tetbury. In his will he listed his trade as blacksmith, but as part of this he repaired the church clock.

John FREWIN

C19th: on Long Street and in trade 1849 - is this John the same as John Trewin below

Edward GERRINS

C19th: mentioned in parish register of 1826 as watchmaker

GODWIN

early C19th but no more known

Thomas HAMMOND

C19th: in business in 1820, wife Elizabeth & daughter Mary Ann

HAYWARD

C18th: mid C18th but no more known

John LACEY

C19th: watchmaker in 1815. Married to Sophia, daughter Mary

William LAWRENCE

C18th: mid C18th, children John & Sarah christened in 1760s

William MAPSON

C19th: born in 1840 Cirencester, son of Thomas, a watchmaker from Wotton Bassett, Wiltshire; married Sarah Ann Clark 1860 - ; 1863 was a clockmaker on Silver Street; some directories have Long Street as early as 1860, others in 1870, 1879 and 1880 directories watchmaker and jeweller on Long Street. An advert in the Wiltshire and Gloucestershire Standard of March 1881 shows that Alfred Daniels was now running the business.  By April 1881, aged 41, he is living in Kensington, London with wife and children, and is a watchmaker and local preacher - is this a son of William snr? A clock hanging in the Gospel Hall Chapel on Hampton Street was made by him. This was removed in the 1980s when it was replaced by a more modern clock. By  1891 he was in Hungerford, Berkshire and by 1911 also a photographer .

Died 30/12/1916 at High Street, Hungerford.

William MILLS

C18th: married to Mary Hill in 1769. They had a son, William who also became a watchmaker. He was born in 1770, and married Mary Thomas in 1795.

John PITT

C19th: he was in charge of maintaining the Market House Clock between 1816 until 1852. He earned the annual sum of £2 2s for this job. In 1850 his premises were in Market Place. He was born in Brokenborough in 1776 and probably died in 1859. His wife, Sarah was born in Devon, and in 1861 she was still living on Market Place. At one time he had an apprentice, James Melluish, who he took on in 1813 for a seven year term, but this was terminated after about three years for a sum of £15.

SATTELY and SONS

C19th: George Sattely, son of Zechariah from Sherston Magna, Wiltshire a watchmaker. albert William son of George was born in 1895. He worked with his father and continued the business after his father's death in 1921. George had a brother, Albert of Rock Villa, Tetbury who assisted in the business up until his death in August 1902.

1888 onwards listed in trade directory as clock and watchmaker, jeweller etc. In 1914 he was in Market Place. He also maintained the Market House Clock - his apprentice had to wind it by hand.

23 Market Place in the 1935 directory

Christopher SEALY

C19th: born c.1826 in Sutton Benger, Wiltshire. He lived on Harper Street and was a watchmaker

Thomas SEALY

C19th: married to Sarah, with a daughter Elizabeth [1840]. Thomas had premises on Market Place and was in business 1838-1840. He made Nympsfield Church clock.

James STRATTON

C18th:  he worked in Tetbury before he married in 1764, and later moved to Minchinhampton

William Edward TERRETT

C20th: 1898-1965

John TREWIN

C19th: was in the Market Place in 1850 and 1860. Is this John Frewin?

Richard TUGWELL

Arthur TURNER

C19th: of Long Street, was in business between 1860-1879

Henry WEIGHT

C19th: he was only in Tetbury for a short time around the 1820s. he moved onto Newnham & then Malmesbury. Brother of Edmund Weight, Market Place. Dursley. c1820-1822

Thomas WOOD

C18th: moved to Painswick.

By 1905 a similar advert stated that parcels by train were promptly attended to.

In October 1930 the Tetbury Steam and Hand Laundry was opened by Lady Helena Gibbs, the neice of H.M.Queen Mary.

In 1931 it was operating from 4 Hampton Street with telephone number 86.  One of the directors was Mr John Branston of Long Newnton, who died in 1935.

In 1971 Tetbury Laundry Co Ltd was offering “24hr laundry, shirt & dry cleaning service” from Hampton Street premises.

One of the main industries of the town was that of the wool trade, from those that worked hands on with the sheep and the wool to those that were the merchants and traders dealing with the end products. The weekly market held on a Wednesday comprised mainly of yarn [Atkyns 1711]. As the industrial revolution took hold across the country Tetbury was unable to provide facilities for mechanisation of the processes used in fulling, carding and weaving, mainly due to the lack of a water source. The valleys - Stroud and others - were developed as textile mill centres and the industrial revolution passed Tetbury by. Changing trends also led to the demise of the wool market and the last payment received for weighing wool was in 1815.

1811

Jackson's Oxford Journal carried the following announcement on Saturday, June 1, 1811:

Caution to Wool Growers

From the great carelessness and palpable neglect, in the management and winding of Wool by suffering the tails, dags, pitch, and dirt to remain on and be folded up in the insides of the fleeces, it may be supposed that many of the Wool Growers are quite ignorant of the existence of penal Acts of Parliament, for the prevention of such abuse, and of the penalties to which they are liable for the infraction of them.

By the Act of 28 Geo. III Cap. 38, which refers to Acts of 18th of Elizabeth, and 23 Henry VIII, it is enacted, “That no manner of person do wind, or cause to be wound, in any fleece, any sand, tails, deceitful locks, cots, lambs’ wool or any other thing whereby the fleece might be made more weighty, to the deceit and loss of the buyer, upon pain, the seller of any such deceitful wools shall forfeit, for every such fleece, Two Shillings, to be paid to the finder and prover of the same deceit; and the offences shall and may be proceeded upon, heard, and determined by and before any one Justice of the Peace in a summary way.”

After this public notice, the Woolstaplers of Cirencester, Tetbury and Gloucester, and of the county in general, having been themselves threatened with prosecutions under the aforesaid Acts, for the fleece wool they have resolved to enforce in the several districts, the fair and honest winding of wool, by availing themselves of the provisions of the Acts, for their own protection, in cases which shall henceforward require it; for it been more carelessly made up than those of surrounding counties, and that its wool trade has thereby suffered.

May 27, 1811

The list below gives the names of those known to be working in the wool trade, the known active dates, and biographical information.